RESUMEN
Curiosity is widely acknowledged as a crucial aspect of children's development and as an important part of the learning process, with prior research showing associations between curiosity and achievement. Despite this evidence, there is little research on the development of curiosity or on promoting curiosity in school settings, and measures of curiosity promotion in the classroom are absent from the published literature. This article introduces the Curiosity in Classrooms (CiC) Framework coding protocol, a tool for observing and coding instructional practices that support the promotion of curiosity. We describe the development of the framework and observation instrument and the results of a feasibility study using the protocol, which gives a descriptive overview of curiosity-promoting instruction in 35 elementary-level math lessons. Our discussion includes lessons learned from this work and suggestions for future research using the developed observation tool.
RESUMEN
Spectral Doppler and plethysmographic waveforms vary significantly in the presence of circulatory assist devices. Understanding the effect these devices have on the waveforms and flow characteristics is necessary for the appropriate interpretation of duplex ultrasound and other noninvasive vascular studies. We review the different arterial waveforms that can be seen with circulatory assist devices.
Asunto(s)
Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea , Corazón Auxiliar , Arterias/diagnóstico por imagen , HumanosRESUMEN
Creativity is typically measured using divergent thinking tasks where participants are asked to generate multiple responses following a prompt. However, being able to generate responses captures only a partial picture of creativity. Convergent thinking, in which a single solution is chosen, is an equally important part of creativity that is often left out of divergent thinking assessments. Moreover, as the field of creativity evolves, exploration is starting to be recognized as an understudied component of how children generate and apply creative solutions. The current study moved beyond typical divergent thinking tasks and examined a measure of creativity that also captured 4- to 6-year-old children's convergent thinking and exploration behaviors. A total of 130 children participated in a creative problem-solving task where they were asked to remove a ball from a jar using everyday objects. Children's actions were coded as divergent thinking, convergent thinking, or exploration behaviors. Results demonstrated that divergent and convergent thinking performance was not associated with success on the task, indicating that simply generating and selecting more responses is not always enough to achieve a creative outcome. Children's exploration behaviors were positively associated with success on the task. Exploration behaviors were more likely to lead to success if they were purposeful and iterative. These findings provide some of the first evidence that children's exploration is a vital component of creativity.
Asunto(s)
Creatividad , Pensamiento , Logro , Niño , Preescolar , Conducta Exploratoria , Humanos , Solución de ProblemasAsunto(s)
Hemodinámica , Ultrasonografía , Várices/diagnóstico por imagen , Venas/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia Venosa/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvulas Venosas/fisiopatología , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Humanos , Posicionamiento del Paciente , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Várices/fisiopatología , Várices/terapia , Venas/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Venosa/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Venosa/terapiaRESUMEN
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major preventable disease that affects hospitalized inpatients. Risk stratification and prophylactic measures have good evidence supporting their use, but multiple reasons exist that prevent full adoption, compliance, and efficacy that may underlie the persistence of VTE over the past several decades. This policy statement provides a focused review of VTE, risk scoring systems, prophylaxis, and tracking methods. From this summary, 5 major areas of policy guidance are presented that the American Heart Association believes will lead to better implementation, tracking, and prevention of VTE events. They include performing VTE risk assessment and reporting the level of VTE risk in all hospitalized patients, integrating preventable VTE as a benchmark for hospital comparison and pay-for-performance programs, supporting appropriations to improve public awareness of VTE, tracking VTE nationwide with the use of standardized definitions, and developing a centralized data steward for data tracking on VTE risk assessment, prophylaxis, and rates.
Asunto(s)
Hospitalización , Pacientes Internos , Tromboembolia Venosa/etiología , Tromboembolia Venosa/prevención & control , Congresos como Asunto , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Humanos , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Premedicación , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Tromboembolia Venosa/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia Venosa/terapiaAsunto(s)
Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Embolia Pulmonar/prevención & control , Tromboembolia Venosa/prevención & control , Trombosis de la Vena/prevención & control , Anticoagulantes/efectos adversos , Obstrucción del Catéter/etiología , Fibrinolíticos/efectos adversos , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Humanos , Neoplasias/sangre , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/sangre , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tromboembolia Venosa/sangre , Tromboembolia Venosa/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia Venosa/etiología , Trombosis de la Vena/sangre , Trombosis de la Vena/diagnóstico , Trombosis de la Vena/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Ejercicio Físico , Estilo de Vida Saludable , Conducta de Reducción del Riesgo , Capacidad Cardiovascular , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/fisiopatología , Estado de Salud , Hemodinámica , Humanos , Factores Protectores , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sedentaria , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Enfermedad Relacionada con los Viajes , Tromboembolia Venosa , Viaje en Avión , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Automóviles , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Tromboembolia Venosa/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia Venosa/epidemiología , Tromboembolia Venosa/prevención & controlAsunto(s)
Obstrucción del Catéter/etiología , Cateterismo Venoso Central/efectos adversos , Cateterismo Periférico/efectos adversos , Catéteres de Permanencia/efectos adversos , Catéteres Venosos Centrales/efectos adversos , Trombosis Venosa Profunda de la Extremidad Superior/etiología , Trombosis de la Vena/etiología , Cateterismo Venoso Central/instrumentación , Cateterismo Periférico/instrumentación , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trombosis Venosa Profunda de la Extremidad Superior/diagnóstico , Trombosis Venosa Profunda de la Extremidad Superior/terapia , Trombosis de la Vena/diagnóstico , Trombosis de la Vena/terapiaAsunto(s)
Anticoagulantes/efectos adversos , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Heparina/efectos adversos , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/inducido químicamente , Anticoagulantes/inmunología , Plaquetas/inmunología , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Heparina/inmunología , Humanos , Factor Plaquetario 4/sangre , Factor Plaquetario 4/inmunología , Pronóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/sangre , Embolia Pulmonar/inducido químicamente , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/sangre , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/diagnóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/inmunología , Factores de Riesgo , Trombosis de la Vena/sangre , Trombosis de la Vena/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
OPINION STATEMENT: Lower extremity edema is extremely common among patients seen across multiple specialties. The differential diagnosis is broad and ranges from simple dependent edema to more complex conditions such as chronic venous disease and lymphedema. Several key features from the history and physical exam can assist with the diagnosis. Imaging is rarely necessary at the initial visit unless venous thromboembolism is suspected. Treatment is specific to the etiology of the edema, but compression stockings, elevation, exercise, and weight loss remain the cornerstone in most cases.
RESUMEN
IVC filters are medical devices that are placed in the large vein of the abdomen to prevent blood clots from traveling from the veins of the legs to the lungs. They are most commonly used when a patient cannot receive blood thinners to treat leg blood clots (DVT). IVC filter insertion can be done as an outpatient under local anesthesia, with only a puncture to a vein in the leg or neck. Most IVC filters are designed to be removed when no longer necessary. IVC filter complications are uncommon.